0452/22/F/M/25 Mark Scheme – Accounting Feb/March 2025 Paper 22

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Cambridge Accounting (0452) mark scheme for paper 22, Feb/March 2025 — 0452/22/F/M/25, file 0452_m25_ms_22.pdf.

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Cambridge IGCSE™
ACCOUNTING

0452/22

Paper 2 Structured Written Paper

February/March 2025

MARK SCHEME
Maximum Mark: 100

Published

This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the
examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the
details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have
considered the acceptability of alternative answers.
Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report f or
Teachers.
Cambridge International will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes.
Cambridge International is publishing the mark schemes f or the February/March 2025 series f or most
Cambridge IGCSE, Cambridge International A and AS Level components, and some Cambridge O Level
components.

This document consists of 14 printed pages.
© Cambridge University Press & Assessment 2025

[Turn over

0452/22

Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme
PUBLISHED
Generic Marking Principles

February/March 2025
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These general marking principles must be applied by all examiners when marking candidate answers. They should be applied alon gside the
specific content of the mark scheme or generic level descriptions for a question. Each question paper and mark scheme will also comply with these
marking principles.
GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 1:
Marks must be awarded in line with:
•
•
•

the specific content of the mark scheme or the generic level descriptors for the question
the specific skills defined in the mark scheme or in the generic level descriptors for the question
the standard of response required by a candidate as exemplified by the standardisation scripts.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 2:
Marks awarded are always whole marks (not half marks, or other fractions).
GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 3:
Marks must be awarded positively:
•
•
•
•
•

marks are awarded for correct/valid answers, as defined in the mark scheme. However, credit is given for valid answers which go beyond
the scope of the syllabus and mark scheme, referring to your Team Leader as appropriate
marks are awarded when candidates clearly demonstrate what they know and can do
marks are not deducted for errors
marks are not deducted for omissions
answers should only be judged on the quality of spelling, punctuation and grammar when these features are specifically assess ed by the
question as indicated by the mark scheme. The meaning, however, should be unambiguous.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 4:
Rules must be applied consistently, e.g. in situations where candidates have not followed instructions or in the application of generic level
descriptors.

Page 2 of 14

0452/22

Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme
PUBLISHED

February/March 2025
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GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 5:
Marks should be awarded using the full range of marks defined in the mark scheme for the question (however; the use of the fu ll mark range may
be limited according to the quality of the candidate responses seen).
GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 6:
Marks awarded are based solely on the requirements as defined in the mark scheme. Marks should not be awarded with grade thresholds or
grade descriptors in mind.

Page 3 of 14

Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme
PUBLISHED

0452/22

February/March 2025
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Annotations guidance for centres
Examiners use a system of annotations as a shorthand for communicating their marking decisions to one another. Examiners are trained during the
standardisation process on how and when to use annotations. The purpose of annotations is to inform the standard isation and monitoring
processes and guide the supervising examiners when they are checking the work of examiners within their team. The meaning of annotations and
how they are used is specific to each component and is understood by all examiners who mark the component.
We publish annotations in our mark schemes to help centres understand the annotations they may see on copies of scripts. Note that there may
not be a direct correlation between the number of annotations on a script and the mark awarded. Similarly, the use of an annotation may not be an
indication of the quality of the response.
The annotations listed below were available to examiners marking this component in this series.
Annotations
Annotation

Meaning

Use

Tick

Indicates a point which is relevant and rewardable.

Cross

Indicates a point which is inaccurate/irrelevant and not rewardable.

Benefit of doubt

Used when the benefit of the doubt is given in order to reward a response.

An extraneous figure or item in the statement
OF

Own figure

Noted but no credit
given

Indicates that content has been recognised but not rewarded.

Repetition

Indicates where content has been repeated.

Page 4 of 14

Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme
PUBLISHED

0452/22
Question

Answer

1(a)

Ria
Purchases journal
Date

Details

2025
Jan 13
18
23
31

Ottie (180 – 9)
Nakir
Darena
Transfer to purchases account

1(b)

February/March 2025
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Marks
3
$
171 (1)
528}
310} (1)
1 009 (1)OF

Ria
Purchases returns journal

Date

Details

2025
Jan 30
31

Darena
Transfer to purchases returns account

24 (1)
24 (1)

Page 5 of 14

Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme
PUBLISHED

0452/22
Question

Answer

1(c)

Ria
Purchases account
Date
2025
Jan 1
20
31

Details
Balance
Bank
Credit purchases for
Month

Feb 1 Balance b/d
1(d)

February/March 2025
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Marks
4

(1)
(1)
(1) OF
(1)OF

Date
Details
2025
6 327 Jan 31 Balance c/d
73

$
7 409

1 009
7 409
7 409

7 409

Ria
Purchases ledger control account
Date
Details
2025
Jan 31 Purchases returns
Bank (300 + 600 – 18)
Discount received
Balance c/d

(1)OF
(1)
(1)

Date
2025
24
Jan 1
882
31
18
1 595
2 519
Feb 1

Page 6 of 14

Details

Balance b/d
Purchases

(1)
(1)OF

1510
1009

Balance b/d

(1)OF

2 519
1 595

Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme
PUBLISHED

0452/22
Question
1(e)

Answer
Advantages
Advertising may attract new customers/increase sales/may increase profits (1)
Will not need to use existing cash/bank balance or invest more capital(1)
Would not need to obtain a loan/overdraft or pay loan/overdraft interest(1)
Advertising may be recommended for a new business (1)
Accept other valid points
Max (2)
Disadvantages
Advertising will not necessarily increase sales (1)
May not be able to take advantage of cash discount (1)
Suppliers may charge interest on overdue accounts (1)
Will damage relationship with suppliers (1)
Suppliers may not provide further goods until outstanding balance is paid (1)
Accept other valid points
Max (2)
Recommendation (1)

Page 7 of 14

February/March 2025
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Marks
5

Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme
PUBLISHED

0452/22

February/March 2025
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Question

Answer

Marks

2(a)

Viraj
Income Statement for the year ended 31 January 2025
$
Revenue
Less sales returns
Less Cost of goods sold
Opening inventory
Purchases

4 500
53 700
58 200
5 900

Less Closing inventory
Gross profit
Other income
Rental income (2580 – 516)

2(c)(i)

52 300 (1)
35 105 (1)OF

8 760
2 945
7 632 (1)
765 (1)
156 (1)
1 875 (1)

Viraj
Statement of Financial Position at 31 January 2025
$
Current Liabilities
Trade payables
3 125
Other payables (282 + 55)
337
516
Income prepaid (172  3)
Bank overdraft (1 260 + 13)
1 273
5 251
Materiality (1) OR Prudence (1)

$
89 600
2 195
87 405 (1)

2 064 (1)
37 169

Less Expenses
Rent and insurance
General expenses
Wages (7350 + 282)
Stationery and advertising (710 + 55)
Bank charges (143 + 13)
Depreciation of fixtures and fittings
(15%  12 500)
Profit for the year
2(b)

22 133
15 036 (1)OF
4

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)OF
1

Page 8 of 14

Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme
PUBLISHED

0452/22
Question
2(c)(ii)
2(d)

Answer

February/March 2025
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Marks

Money measurement (1)

Advantages
May attract new customers/may increase sales/may increase profit (1)
Will help to keep up with the competition/diversify products offered (1)
May be more efficient (e.g. energy consumption or layout) (1)
May be better working conditions (1)
May be able to put his prices up (1)
May be able to increase rent charge to the other business (1)
Accept other valid points
Max (2)

Disadvantages
Will require extra capital/loan/increase in overdraft (1)
May need to put prices up to cover cost of refurbishment (1)
May be increased expenses/reduced profit (e.g. interest and depreciation) (1)
Not wise to spend a lot on property which is rented (1)
The existing fixtures and fittings are only two years old (1)
May not actually result in more sales/more customers/more profit (1)
Accept other valid points
Max (2)
Recommendation (1)

Page 9 of 14

Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme
PUBLISHED

0452/22

February/March 2025
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Question

Answer

Marks

3(a)

Samira
Journal

Error
number

Details

Equipment repairs
Equipment

175 (1)

Bank
David

264 (1)

2
3

264 (1)
2 500 (1)
2500 (1)

Stationery
Bank

9 (1)
9 (1)

Sales returns
Purchases returns
Suspense
Error number

Credit
$
175 (1)

Bank loan
Bank charges

3(b)

Debit
$

40 (1)
40 (1)
80 (1)
4

Effect on profit for the year

Effect on bank balance

Overstated by $175

No effect

Understated by $264

(1)

Understated by $2500

No effect

(1)

Overstated by $9

(1)

Overstated by $80

No effect

(1)

Page 10 of 14

Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme
PUBLISHED

0452/22
Question

February/March 2025
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Answer

3(c)
Original total of debit side of trial balance
Add Error 5
Less Error 3
Corrected trial balance total of trial balance

Marks
$
97 400
40 (1)
97 440
2 500 (1)
94 940 (1)OF

3(d)(i)

Error 1 (1) OR Error 3 (1)

3(d)(ii)

Error 4 (1)

Question
4(a)

Answer

Marks

Gross margin

112000 − (5 500 + 68 200 − 5 700) 44 000 (1) 100
=

112000
112000
1

39.29% (1)OF

Profit margin

(44 000 OF − 21500) 22500 (1)OF 100
=

112000
112000
1

20.09% (1)OF

Return on capital
employed

22 500 OF 100

285 000
1

7.89% (1)OF

Rate of inventory
turnover (times)

(5 500 + 68 200 − 5 700) 68 000 (1)
=
(5 500 + 5 700) / 2
5 600 (1)

12.14 times (1)OF

Trade receivables
turnover (days)

16 000 365

112000
1

52.14 days (1)
OR 53 days

Liquid (acid test)
ratio

16 000
16 000 } (1) whole formula
=
(5100 + 6 890) 11990 }

1.33 : 1 (1)OF

Page 11 of 14

Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme
PUBLISHED

0452/22
Question
4(b)

February/March 2025
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Answer
May be an increase in irrecoverable debts/decrease in profit because of an increase in irrecoverable debts (1)
May have to increase provision for irrecoverable debts (1)
May delay paying trade payables and so not earn cash discount (1)
May incur additional interest charges if bank overdraft increases (1)
Trade payables may charge interest if accounts not paid on time (1)

Marks
4

Max (4)
4(c)

Advantages of investing more capital
Would avoid paying overdraft interest (1)
May improve the relationship with the bank if he pays off his overdraft (1)
May be more incentive to improve future profit as more personal funds invested (1)
Provides funding until his trade receivables turnover can be improved (1)
Accept other valid points
Max (3)
Disadvantages of investing more capital
More capital is at risk (1)
Return on capital would be reduced (1)
May adversely affect personal financial position (1)
Extra capital is not normally used for short-term finance (1)
Accept other valid points
Max (3)
Max (4)
Recommendation (1)

Page 12 of 14

Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme
PUBLISHED

0452/22
Question

February/March 2025
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Answer

Marks

5(a)

$
Assets
Pianos at book value
Subscriptions in arrears
Insurance prepaid
Coffee shop inventory
Cash at bank

7 200
390
140
320
2 045

(1)
}
} (1)
}
}

10 095

650
435
200

}
}(1)
}

1 285

Liabilities
Subscriptions in advance
Rent accrued
Coffee shop trade payables
Accumulated fund

8 810

(1) OF

Alternative presentation
(12 000 – 4800) (1) + (390 + 140 + 320+ 2045) (1) – (650 + 435 + 200) (1) = 8810 (1)OF
5(b)

ABC Piano Club
Subscriptions account
Date
Details
2024
Jan 1 Balance b/d
*
Dec 31 Income and expenditure (1)OF
Balance c/d

Date
Details
2024
390
Jan 1 Balance b/d
7670 Dec 31 Bank/Cash
715
Balance c/d

$
*(1)
(1)

8 775
2025
Jan 1 Balance b/d

(1)

2025
325
Jan 1 Balance b/d

*(1) for both opening balances
(1) for dates

Page 13 of 14

650
7 800
325
8 775

(1)

715

Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme
PUBLISHED

0452/22
Question

Answer

5(c)

ABC Piano Club
Rent and insurance account
Date
Details
2024
Jan 1 Balance b/d
Dec 31 Bank/Cash

*
(1)

2025
Jan 1 Balance b/d

(1)

February/March 2025
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Marks
5

Date
Details
2024
140
Jan 1 Balance b/d
*(1)
6 700 Dec 31 Income and expenditure (1)OF
Balance c/d
6 840

$
435
6 250
155
6 840

155

*(1) for both opening balances
(1) for dates
5(d)

ABC Piano Club
Coffee shop income statement for the year ended 31 December 2024
$
Revenue
Cost of sales
Opening inventory
Purchases (3 815 – 200 + 186)

320
3 801
4 121
382

Less Closing inventory
Shop wages
Profit for the year on shop

Page 14 of 14

$
8 320
*
(1)
* (1)both

3 739
4 581
2 600
1 981

(1)OF
(1)
(1) OF

Accounting (0452) · Feb/March 2025 · Mark scheme 22

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